Port of Kiel Magazine No. 6 | 2018

53 BETWEEN NORTH & EAST What will happen in future? LNG is a fossil fuel. It is mainly made from methane which can be produced on a renewable basis. Gas propulsion is going to be driven by regenerative methane produced from the “power to gas” process. With respect to regene- rative and climate neutral production also liquid alternative fuels come to the fore, e.g. alcohols like methanol. The advantage is that they are easier to manage and to store. Methanol is also being used for the fuel cells of MEYER WERFT. Within the scope of various research projects, e.g. e4-ships, MEYER WERFT has developed concepts for fuel cells together with other shipyards and partners. Experts believe that new fuel cell power generation systems are going to become equally important within the next decade. In the short term, hybrid solutions with additional LNG-motors are possible. In the medium and long- term it is about replacing the combustion engine. In a surely longer transition peri- od, synthetic fuel could replace fossil fuel in combustion motors. We are in times of change, as the diagram below shows. The coming years will show which fuels finally prevail. In 2014, a first pilot plant for fuel cells was built in Papenburg. In 2016, the next step was taken and the world’s first fuel cell system was installed at the passenger ship “MS Mariella”. In the near future, MEYER WERFT can apply fuel cells in combination with LNG. Until the propulsion systems can be used at sea, important time factors -next to the development and construc- tion phases- are the worldwide adaption and approval procedures. Conclusion: MEYER WERFT is on a good way and has already achieved a lot in making cruise ship operations more eco-friendly. Even if allegations such as cruise ships causing the same emissions like 5 million cars or the ten biggest ships causing more emissions than all cars in the world cannot be maintained upon serious analysis, realising the energy revolution in the shipping industry was and is the right thing to do. As for cars, aircraft or the rail you can see that rene- wable fuels as well as the renunciation from the combustion engine cannot be realised overnight. Ideas and creativity are required such as the awareness and the ambition to promote and improve developments. A fundamental rethink in the shipping industry is perceptible. This is proven by the twelve LNG ships for different cruise shipping companies that are in the order books of the MEYER Group at the time of publication which will be assem- bled at the locations Papenburg (MEYER WERFT), Turku (MEYER TURKU) and Rostock (NEPTUN WERFT). Energieeffizienz Die Energiewende ist auch in der Schifffahrt ein Kraft- akt. Es wird einfacher, je effizien- ter mit Energie umgegangen wird. Dazu gehören viele Maßnahmen der vergangenen zehn bis 15 Jahre, mit denen Schiffe effizienter gemacht wer- den als die Vorgänger, beispielsweise durch verbesserte Hydrodynamik (Schiffsdesign), LED-Beleuchtung, Sensortechnik, verbesserte Isolierung und Verglasung, Kraftwärmekopplung und viele andere Maßnahmen. Energy efficiency Also in the ship- ping industry the energy revolution is a major feature. The more efficiently energy is utilised the easier it gets. During the last 10-15 years many steps have been taken to make vessels more efficient than their predecessors, e.g. through improved hydrodynamics (ship design), LED lighting, sensor technology, improved insulation and glazing, co-generation and much more. TIMELINE FUELS IN SHIPPING 100 % Renewable 100 % Fossil 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 ENERGIEWENDE : KLIMASCHUTZABKOMMEN/ PARIS AGREEMENT Alkohol/ Diesel PTL Methane PTG Klimawandel/ Climate change LNG = Liqui ed natural gas, PTL = Power to liquid, PTG = Power to gas, Jahreszahlen sind circa-Angaben/ approximately year dates LNG Marine Diesel (MDO) Schweröl/ Heavy fuel oil (HFO) Kohle/ Coal Segeln/ Sailing